This article is part of an ongoing series exploring cannabis markets on the rise and the contributions cannabis is making to the economies of those emerging markets. In addition to creating jobs, cannabis is delivering impact through tax contributions — helping states invest in infrastructure, support social equity initiatives, and close budget gaps.
Key Takeaways:
- The U.S. Northeast is emerging as a significant cannabis market — with evolving regulations and rising consumer demand creating a strong business environment.
- Newer states to legalize adult use like Maryland, New Jersey, and New York are driving growth, generating billions in sales and positioning themselves as key markets for cannabis expansion.
- Cannabis tax revenues are helping these states manage budgets, support social equity programs, and fuel economic development.
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With mature cannabis markets in states like California, Colorado, and Oregon remaining competitive, many cannabis companies are shifting their focus to emerging markets for growth opportunities. The Northeast, in particular, is proving to be a hotbed of opportunity — with new and expanding cannabis programs driving both business growth and significant state revenue.
Why the Northeast?
While Massachusetts retains the crown for cannabis sales in the Northeast, states like Maryland, New Jersey, New York, and even medical-only Pennsylvania are emerging as major players. These states offer high consumer demand, evolving regulations, and revenue potential that make them attractive for businesses looking to expand. Here’s how these markets are shaping up and what they mean for your business.
Maryland: Rapid Growth in Just One Year
Maryland’s cannabis market took off quickly following adult-use legalization in July 2023. Within its first 12 months, total retail sales exceeded $1.1 billion — with adult-use sales alone accounting for over $700 million. Monthly sales have consistently surpassed $95 million, reflecting strong consumer demand.
Maryland has used cannabis tax revenue to invest in social equity initiatives. Over $40 million in licensing fees has been directed to the Community Reinvestment and Repair Fund, supporting local jurisdictions and communities impacted by previous cannabis criminalization. And fiscal year tax revenues are expected to top $100 million. For cannabis operators, Maryland presents a dynamic market with significant revenue potential and strong state support.
New Jersey: A Billion-Dollar Market (and Growing)
New Jersey’s cannabis market is booming, surpassing $1 billion in combined medicinal and recreational cannabis sales in 2024 — a nearly 25% increase from the previous year’s total of $800 million. Since adult-use cannabis sales began in April 2022, the state has generated over $2 billion in total revenue.
For the state, the tax revenue impact is substantial. New Jersey has collected over $62 million in cannabis tax revenue since 2022 — along with over $6 million in social equity excise fees that go toward education, economic development, and social services for communities disproportionately affected by cannabis prohibition. For cannabis companies, this signals a stable and profitable market with room for expansion.
New York: A Complex Market with High Potential
New York’s cannabis industry surpassed $1 billion in retail sales in 2024 as the state works to establish itself as a national leader. More than half of all licenses have been awarded to social and economic equity applicants, promoting opportunities for minority- and women-owned businesses. With over 275 licensed dispensaries and 500 supply-side licenses issued, the legal market continues to grow — though challenges remain.
Despite strong consumer demand, New York’s cannabis rollout has been slow and the illicit market continues to thrive. Additionally, licensed medical marijuana organizations face a steep $5 million fee to enter the adult-use market, creating a significant barrier to expansion. While the state is taking steps to strengthen enforcement and improve market conditions, businesses must carefully navigate these regulatory hurdles to succeed.
Pennsylvania: A Sleeping Giant
Despite being a medical-only state, Pennsylvania ranks as the sixth-largest cannabis retail market in the U.S. Monthly medical cannabis sales eclipsed $140 million in October 2024, with total sales for the year estimated at $1.7 billion. Since 2020, the state has generated over $6.7 billion in cannabis sales.
While Pennsylvania has not yet legalized adult-use cannabis, momentum is building. Governor Josh Shapiro has expressed support for legalization to help address the state’s budget deficit. However, with a divided legislature and the state not allowing citizen-initiated ballot measures, the path forward remains uncertain. Still, Pennsylvania’s large population and established medical market make it a prime candidate for future adult-use expansion — one that cannabis companies should watch closely.
What This Means for Your Cannabis Business
The Northeast presents lucrative opportunities for cannabis companies across the supply chain. Here’s why your business should take note:
- Expanding markets: Maryland, New Jersey, and New York are demonstrating strong year-over-year growth, and Pennsylvania could be next in line for adult-use legalization.
- Revenue potential: With billions in sales and rising tax revenues, these states offer fertile ground for cultivators, manufacturers, retailers, and ancillary businesses.
- Regulatory evolution: States are refining their programs, creating clearer pathways for business entry and long-term sustainability.
How MGO Can Help
Navigating new and emerging markets requires strategic planning, regulatory compliance, and financial knowledge. Our dedicated Cannabis team provides tax planning, audit support, and consulting solutions tailored to the cannabis, hemp, and CBD companies. Whether you’re a cultivator, retailer, distributor, manufacturer, or ancillary business, we can help you make informed decisions to thrive in legal markets across the U.S.
Looking to expand your cannabis business into new markets? Let’s talk.